Students Learn About: information systems - the characteristics of an information system, namely:
- the organisation of data into information
- the analysing of information to give knowledge
- the different types of and purposes for information systems, including systems used to:
- provide users with information about an organisation
- manage information used within an organisation
database information systems - school
databases holding information on teachers, subjects, classrooms and students
- the
Roads and Traffic Authority holding information on automobiles and holders of
drivers licences
- video
stores holding information on borrowers and videos
organisation- non-computer
methods of organising including:
- computer
based methods of organising, including:
- database
management systems
- the
advantages and disadvantages of computer based and non-computer based
organisation methods
- the
logical organisation of flat-file databases, including:
- the
logical organisation of relational databases, including:
- schemas
as consisting of:
- tables
as the implementation of entities consisting of:
- linking
tables using primary and foreign keys
- user
views for different purposes
- data
modelling tools for organising databases, including:
- data
dictionaries to describe the characteristics of data including:
- schematic
diagrams that show the relationships between entities
- normalising data to reduce data redundancy
- the
logical organisation of hypermedia, including:
- uniform
resource locators
- metadata
such as HTML tags
- tools
for organising hypermedia, including:
- storyboards
to represent data organised using hyperlinks
- software
that allows text, graphics and sounds to be hyperlinked
storage and retrieval - database
management systems (DBMS) including:
- the
role of a dbms in handling access
to a database
- the
independence of data from the DBMS
- direct
and sequential access of data
- on-line
and off-line storage
- centralised
and distributed databases
- storage
media including:
- hard
discs
- CD-ROMs
- cartridge
and tape
- encryption
and decryption
- backup
and security procedures
- tools
for database storage and retrieval, including:
- extracting
relevant information through searching and sorting a database
- selecting
data from a relational database using Query by Example (QBE) and Structured
Query Languages (SQL) commands, including:
- tools
for hypermedia search and retrieval, including:
- free
text searching
- operation
of a search engine
- indexing and search robots
- metadata
- reporting on data found in hypermedia systems
other information processes for database information
systems - displaying
- reporting
on relevant information held in a database
- constructing
different views of a database for different purposes
issues related to information systems and databases - acknowledgment
of data sources
- the
Freedom of Information Act
- accuracy
of data and the reliability of data sources
- access
to data, ownership and control of data
- data
matching to cross link data across multiple databases
- current
and emerging trends in the organisation, processing, storage and retrieval of
data
- current and emerging trends in the organisation, processing, storage and retrieval of data, such as:
- data warehousing and data mining
- Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) and Online Transaction Processing (OLTP)
| Students Learn To:
- identify the type and purpose of a given information system
- represent an information system using a systems representation tool
- identify the purpose, information processes, information technology and participants within a given system
- represent diagrammatically the flow of information within an information system
- identify
participants, data/information and information technology for the given
examples of database information systems
- describe
the relationships between participants, data/information and information
technology for the given examples of database information systems
- choose
between a computer based or non-computer based method to organise data, given a
particular set of circumstances
- identify
situations where one type of database is more appropriate than another
- represent
an existing relational database in a schematic diagram
- create
a schematic diagram for a scenario where the data is to be organised into a
relational database
- modify
an existing schema to meet a change in user requirements
- choose and justify the most appropriate type of database, flat-file or relational, to organise a given set of data
- create a simple relational database from a schematic diagram and data dictionary
- populate a relational database with data
- describe the similarities and differences between flat-file and relational databases
- create a data dictionary for a given set of data
- create documentation, including data modelling, to indicate how a relational database has been used to organise data
- demonstrate an awareness of issues of privacy, security and accuracy in handling data
- compare and contrast hypermedia and databases for organising data
- design and develop a storyboard to represent a set of data items and links between them
- construct a hypertext document from a storyboard
- use software that links data, such as:
- web page creation software
- search a database using relational and logical operators
- output sorted data from a database
- generate reports from a database
- construct an SQL query to select data from a given database, matching given criteria
- calculate the storage requirements for a given number of records (given a data dictionary for a database)
- summarise, extrapolate and report on data retrieved from the Internet
- use search engines to locate data on the World Wide Web
- describe the principles of the operation of a search engine
- design and create screens for interacting with selected parts of a database and justify their appropriateness
- design and generate reports from a database
- identify and apply issues of ownership, accuracy, data quality, security and privacy of information, data matching
- discuss issues of access to and control of information
- validate information retrieved from the Internet
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